Common Rules for Professional UI + Pre-Delivery Checklist

Load this file before final delivery of native/mobile app UI (iOS/Android/React Native/Flutter), or when the user reports the UI "doesn't look professional" and the cause isn't obvious from the priority table in SKILL.md.

Scope notice: everything below targets native/mobile app UI. For web/desktop interaction patterns, use references/quick-reference.md (stack-agnostic) instead — these tables assume touch targets, safe areas, and platform gesture conventions that don't apply 1:1 to desktop web.

These are frequently overlooked issues that make UI look unprofessional.

Icons & Visual Elements

Rule	Standard	Avoid	Why It Matters
No Emoji as Structural Icons	Use vector-based icons (e.g., Lucide, react-native-vector-icons, @expo/vector-icons).	Using emojis (🎨 🚀 ⚙️) for navigation, settings, or system controls.	Emojis are font-dependent, inconsistent across platforms, and cannot be controlled via design tokens.
Vector-Only Assets	Use SVG or platform vector icons that scale cleanly and support theming.	Raster PNG icons that blur or pixelate.	Ensures scalability, crisp rendering, and dark/light mode adaptability.
Contextual Semantics	Choose semantics from use, not glyph: hide decorative icons beside visible text from the accessibility tree; give meaningful standalone icons a text alternative; give icon controls an accessible name and expose selected/pressed/expanded state when applicable.	Treating one icon name as permanently decorative, meaningful, or interactive.	The same glyph can serve different purposes in different components.
Stable Interaction States	Use color, opacity, or elevation transitions for press states without changing layout bounds.	Layout-shifting transforms that move surrounding content or trigger visual jitter.	Prevents unstable interactions and preserves smooth motion/perceived quality on mobile.
Correct Brand Logos	Use official brand assets and follow their usage guidelines (spacing, color, clear space).	Guessing logo paths, recoloring unofficially, or modifying proportions.	Prevents brand misuse and ensures legal/platform compliance.
Consistent Icon Sizing	Define icon sizes as design tokens (e.g., icon-sm, icon-md = 24pt, icon-lg).	Mixing arbitrary values like 20pt / 24pt / 28pt randomly.	Maintains rhythm and visual hierarchy across the interface.
Stroke Consistency	Use a consistent stroke width within the same visual layer (e.g., 1.5px or 2px).	Mixing thick and thin stroke styles arbitrarily.	Inconsistent strokes reduce perceived polish and cohesion.
Filled vs Outline Discipline	Use one icon style per hierarchy level.	Mixing filled and outline icons at the same hierarchy level.	Maintains semantic clarity and stylistic coherence.
Touch Target Minimum	Use at least 44pt on iOS and 48dp on Android; expand the hit area when the visual icon is smaller.	Small icons without expanded tap area, or one unit reused across platforms.	Matches platform-specific target guidance.
Icon Alignment	Align icons to text baseline and maintain consistent padding.	Misaligned icons or inconsistent spacing around them.	Prevents subtle visual imbalance that reduces perceived quality.
Icon Contrast	Meaningful icons and control boundaries need at least 3:1 against adjacent colors; decorative icons must not carry information.	Low-contrast icons that carry meaning or state.	Applies the non-text contrast role instead of a text-size rule.

Interaction (App)

Rule	Do	Don't
Tap feedback	Provide clear pressed feedback (ripple/opacity/elevation) within 80-150ms	No visual response on tap
Animation timing	Use shared tokens chosen for distance, complexity, platform, and user context	One duration/easing copied to every transition
Accessibility focus	Ensure screen reader focus order matches visual order and labels are descriptive	Unlabeled controls or confusing focus traversal
Disabled state clarity	Use disabled semantics (`disabled`/native disabled props), reduced emphasis, and no tap action	Controls that look tappable but do nothing
Touch target minimum	Keep tap areas >=44x44pt (iOS) or >=48x48dp (Android), expand hit area when icon is smaller	Tiny tap targets or icon-only hit areas without padding
Gesture conflict prevention	Keep one primary gesture per region and avoid nested tap/drag conflicts	Overlapping gestures causing accidental actions
Semantic native controls	Prefer native interactive primitives (`Button`, `Pressable`, platform equivalents) with proper accessibility roles	Generic containers used as primary controls without semantics

Light/Dark Mode Contrast

Rule	Do	Don't
Surface readability (light)	Keep cards/surfaces clearly separated from background with sufficient opacity/elevation	Overly transparent surfaces that blur hierarchy
Text contrast (light)	Maintain body text contrast >=4.5:1 against light surfaces	Low-contrast gray body text
Text contrast (dark)	Maintain normal text contrast >=4.5:1 on dark surfaces; 3:1 is only for large text or non-text UI	Muted normal text that falls below the text threshold
Border and divider visibility	Ensure separators are visible in both themes (not just light mode)	Theme-specific borders disappearing in one mode
State contrast parity	Keep pressed/focused/disabled states equally distinguishable in light and dark themes	Defining interaction states for one theme only
Token-driven theming	Use semantic color tokens mapped per theme across app surfaces/text/icons	Hardcoded per-screen hex values
Scrim and modal legibility	Measure the composed result and use a scrim strong enough to isolate foreground content	Reusing one opacity without checking the actual background

Layout & Spacing

Rule	Do	Don't
Safe-area compliance	Respect top/bottom safe areas for all fixed headers, tab bars, and CTA bars	Placing fixed UI under notch, status bar, or gesture area
System bar clearance	Add spacing for status/navigation bars and gesture home indicator	Let tappable content collide with OS chrome
Consistent content width	Keep predictable content width per device class (phone/tablet)	Mixing arbitrary widths between screens
8dp spacing rhythm	Use a consistent 4/8dp spacing system for padding/gaps/section spacing	Random spacing increments with no rhythm
Readable text measure	Keep long-form text readable on large devices (avoid edge-to-edge paragraphs on tablets)	Full-width long text that hurts readability
Section spacing hierarchy	Define clear vertical rhythm tiers (e.g., 16/24/32/48) by hierarchy	Similar UI levels with inconsistent spacing
Adaptive gutters by breakpoint	Increase horizontal insets on larger widths and in landscape	Same narrow gutter on all device sizes/orientations
Scroll and fixed element coexistence	Add bottom/top content insets so lists are not hidden behind fixed bars	Scroll content obscured by sticky headers/footers

Pre-Delivery Checklist (canonical — the only one)

Before delivering app UI code, verify every item below. Start with the process steps, then the per-area checkboxes.

Process

Ran only searches relevant to the interface, such as "keyboard focus modal" --domain ux for modal keyboard behavior
Reviewed quick-reference.md §1–§3 (CRITICAL + HIGH) as a final pass
Tested on 375px (small phone) and in landscape orientation
Verified behavior with reduced-motion enabled and Dynamic Type/largest system text size
Checked dark mode contrast independently (never assume light-mode values carry over)
Confirmed all touch targets ≥44pt and no content hidden behind safe areas

Visual Quality

No emojis used as icons (use SVG instead)
All icons come from a consistent icon family and style
Official brand assets are used with correct proportions and clear space
Pressed-state visuals do not shift layout bounds or cause jitter
Semantic theme tokens are used consistently (no ad-hoc per-screen hardcoded colors)

Interaction

All tappable elements provide clear pressed feedback (ripple/opacity/elevation)
Touch targets meet minimum size (>=44x44pt iOS, >=48x48dp Android)
Micro-interaction timing uses shared, platform-appropriate tokens and remains responsive in context
Disabled states are visually clear and non-interactive
Screen reader focus order matches visual order, and interactive labels are descriptive
Gesture regions avoid nested/conflicting interactions (tap/drag/back-swipe conflicts)

Light/Dark Mode

Primary text contrast >=4.5:1 in both light and dark mode
Normal primary and secondary text contrast >=4.5:1 in both light and dark mode
Dividers/borders and interaction states are distinguishable in both modes
Modal/drawer scrim is measured against the real background and preserves foreground legibility
Both themes are tested before delivery (not inferred from a single theme)

Layout

Safe areas are respected for headers, tab bars, and bottom CTA bars
Scroll content is not hidden behind fixed/sticky bars
Verified on small phone, large phone, and tablet (portrait + landscape)
Horizontal insets/gutters adapt correctly by device size and orientation
4/8dp spacing rhythm is maintained across component, section, and page levels
Long-form text measure remains readable on larger devices (no edge-to-edge paragraphs)

Accessibility

Decorative icons beside visible text are hidden from the accessibility tree (aria-hidden="true" on web or the native equivalent)
Meaningful images/icons without equivalent visible text have a text alternative
Icon controls have an accessible name and announce applicable selected/pressed/expanded state
Form fields have labels, hints, and clear error messages
Color is not the only indicator
Reduced motion and dynamic text size are supported without layout breakage
Sticky UI and overlays do not obscure keyboard focus
Dragging and swipe-only interactions have button/keyboard alternatives
Authentication allows password managers and paste, with a non-cognitive alternative
Auto-rotating content has pause/stop controls and stops on focus or reduced motion
Failed forms retain inline field errors; multi-error forms also focus a linked error summary after submit

11 KiB Raw Permalink Blame History